HydroelectricityPPT
IntroductionHydroelectricity is a form of renewable energy derived from the k...
IntroductionHydroelectricity is a form of renewable energy derived from the kinetic energy of moving water. It is considered a sustainable and environmentally friendly source of electricity. In this article, we will explore the different aspects of hydroelectricity, including its history, how it works, the different types, and its advantages and disadvantages.HistoryThe use of hydroelectricity dates back to the 19th century when the first hydroelectric plant was built in Niagara Falls. Since then, the development of hydroelectricity has been gradually increasing, particularly during the 20th century when many large-scale hydroelectric projects were implemented.How it worksThe basic principle behind hydroelectricity is simple: when water flows, it has kinetic energy, which can be converted into electricity. The process works in three stages:The waterfallThe first stage involves channeling the water from a higher to a lower level. This is achieved by building dams or reservoirs to trap the water and release it through spillways or turbinesThe turbineWhen the water falls through the spillway or turbine, it rotates the blades of the turbine, which is connected to a generator. The rotation of the turbine's blades spinning the generator's coils produces electricityThe generatorThe generator converts the mechanical energy of the turbine into electrical energy. It does this by using copper wire coils that rotate within a magnetic field, generating an electrical currentTypes of hydroelectricityThere are two main types of hydroelectricity:Run-of-the-riverIn this type, the dam is located at the river's natural fall line, harnessing the natural flow of the river to generate electricity. The amount of power generated depends on the volume and speed of the river's flowReservoirIn this type, water is stored in a man-made reservoir and released through a dam to generate electricity. The amount of power generated is controlled by opening or closing the dam's spillway gatesAdvantages of hydroelectricityHydroelectricity has several advantages:RenewableUnlike fossil fuels, water is a renewable resource and will not run out. As long as there is a source of moving water, there is potential for generating electricityEfficientHydroelectric power stations are highly efficient, converting over 80% of the kinetic energy of moving water into electricity
